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Baltic gas challenges and developments
This FSR online debate will explore the Baltic gas challenges and developments. We will focus on EU policy targets implementation in the region, highlighting major issues of the energy transition and of penetration of new gases.
The Baltic region is making significant progress in developing a functioning regional natural gas market, expanding and integrating the related infrastructure, and ensuring the security of supply.
However, there are multiple factors—at the national, regional, European and even global levels—that prevent this from becoming an ideal market capable of delivering greater security at a reasonable cost. Liquidity of the market is low due to falling consumption; state aid and state participation in the energy enterprises discourage private investments and distort market conditions, while geopolitical tensions between the West and Russia add further complications.
In this online debate, Watch the recording
Moderator: Andris Piebalgs
Panel:
- Margot Loudon (Eurogas)
- Andrei V Belyi (University of Eastern Finland)
- Juris Ozoliņš (Amber Grid)
Learn more on the topic:
‘Download the report: Stepping on the Gas’
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How many gas markets?
“How many gas markets?” – FSR Regulatory Policy Workshop Series 2018-2019
The Workshop “How many gas markets?” will explore the future technological and market landscape for gases, used as energy media and as feedstock for industrial processes. Starting from a future-proof taxonomy, it will assess to which extent different gases will be able to share the same infrastructure, and under which conditions (e.g. retrofitting). It will then go on to identify the implications for market design.
To address these and other related issues, the Workshop will be structured in two sessions:
- Session 1 will investigate the technological and system operation dimension of the future gas sector, in its widest notion (i.e. including all types of gases and their uses as energy media and feedstock). In particular, it will explore to what extent different gases could share the same infrastructure and under which conditions, and where, instead, different networks are needed to transport different types of gases. It will also aim at recognising the technical links between these networks and the transformation processes linking them.
- Session 2 will look at the market implications of the results of Session 1, and in particular how many markets will be required to cover the whole spectrum of gases in the future and the opportunities for coupling them, and for coupling these with the electricity market in its different timeframes.
Read the workshop highlights and watch the interview on a GreenDeal for Europe with Ilaria Conti (Head of FSR Gas Area) and Klaus Dieter-Borchardt, (Deputy Director-General at European Commission’s DG Energy) here.
Background
The EU decarbonisation strategy is based, inter alia, on a massive penetration of renewable energies. In the electricity sector, this requires the system to become more flexible, to accommodate the greater variability of renewable-based generation. Technological development is enabling new sources of flexibility – such as, for example, demand response and electricity storage; additionally, it seems clear that the gas sector could also contribute to the decarbonisation process in this respect. Therefore, while natural gas, as fossil fuel and at least in its non-decarbonised form, is bound to play a shrinking role in the energy mix in the long run, in the short and medium run gas-based generation could represent an important source of the necessary flexibility for the electricity system.
Moreover, gas is easier to store and cheaper to transport over long distances. Therefore, gas and gas infrastructure can also play a role in providing an alternative to electricity storage and transmission. (Electricity and gas) Sector coupling is meant to promote the synergies between the two sectors. Such synergies might, for instance, be achieved through power-to-gas transformation and the storage of the resulting gas. Power to gas through electrolysis results in hydrogen which can be stored, used as such – in industry, transport or, in the future, in power generation – or further transformed into methane. Hydrogen can also be blended, up to a certain extent, with natural gas and thus used in the existing gas infrastructure. Technological development is likely to change the landscape here as well, with greater percentages of hydrogen blending being permissible in gas infrastructure and many gas uses, including electricity generation in existing power plants.
Renewable and decarbonised gases will also have to play a greater role in the future. Biogas, for instance, is still produced in very limited volumes in the EU (covering less than 5% of total EU demand for gas), but can easily be upgraded into “biomethane”, whose use and physics do not differ much from natural gas’. Hydrogen is also another promising resource and can be produced by curtailed renewable electricity via electrolysis (green hydrogen); it can also be produced from natural gas (grey and blue hydrogen) with release or capture/sequestration of CO2.
All these developments depict a future in which different types of gases will co-exist, to a greater extent than today. From a system operation perspective, one of the main questions is to what extent these different gases will be able to use the same (existing) infrastructure or whether they would need to be segregated in different networks. For instance, each EU country has set its own limitations and regulatory provisions for the injection of hydrogen – which can differ significantly even between neighbouring countries. From a market perspective, the main question is how many different markets will be needed in order to promote the efficient use of the different gas types and the optimal resource allocation. It is clear that trading in the same market requires a degree of homogeneity of the products, and this is likely to imply the fact that the products could use the same infrastructure.
Therefore, the operational and market dimensions are linked, and they both need to refer to a taxonomy of the different types of gases that has to recognise the different chemical compositions, but also the potential for transformation. Following the Madrid Forum in June 2019, the Florence School of Regulation has been working on developing such a taxonomy, bringing together the work and contribution of stakeholders.
Once this taxonomy is established, the future market structure for “gases” could be addressed. In this respect, it is important to note that, even if the conclusion of this assessment were, as it is likely to be the case, that different markets are needed to cover the full spectrum of gases in the future, some of these markets would be linked through the transformation potential between the corresponding gases. These transformations, and the arbitrage opportunities that they create, will determine the extent to which prices in the “linked” markets will be able to diverge and which forces will operate towards price convergence.
The ‘How many gas markets?” workshop is exclusively open to national regulators, representatives from public bodies and associate & major donors of the FSR Energy area.
Previous Sector Coupling workshops:
- Coupling the Sectors: the definition of ‘sector coupling’ and ‘sector integration’ and the key challenges to their practical implementation
- Sector Coupling 2.0: Power-to-Gas in the EU decarbonisation strategy: the technological and regulatory aspects related to Power-to-Gas (PtG).
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Is gas infrastructure ready for sector coupling?
The online debate “Is gas infrastructure ready for sector coupling?” will tackle regulatory and technical challenges related to the gas infrastructure, which are expected to arise with the increase in the use of renewable and decarbonised gases in Europe.
In the sector coupling vision, one of the most debated aspects is infrastructure: how to link electricity grids and existing gas pipelines, can the existing gas infrastructure be re-adapted to the flow of the new gases? If so, for which gases and at what cost? And what are the alternatives?
In particular, the debate will address the following topics:
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- Level playing field between gases – renewable, low-carbon, natural gas. Incentives for network operators, blending, regulation of different gases.
- Gas regulation on the distribution level – injection, congestion management, flexibility
- Smooth relationship between distribution and transmission networks.
Panellists:
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- Ignacio Asenjo (DG ENER)
- Anne Boorsma (ENTSOG)
- Markus Krug (E-Control)
- Doug Wood (EFET)
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Moderator: Andris Piebalgs (FSR)
This is the second online debate organised as a part of the FSR sector coupling platform project realised in cooperation with the European Commission (DG Energy). The first online debate took place on September 11th and was devoted to “A common terminology for gases”. For more information visit the FSR Sector Couling platform.
Preparatory materials:
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Banking on Climate: a path to Responsible Banking and Sustainability
The seminar “Banking on Climate: a path to Responsible Banking and Sustainability” aims to highlight the points of strength and weakness of the Principles for Responsible Banking, their alignment with the Paris Climate Agreement objectives, and to discuss their potential impact on the transition to a low-carbon economy.
Climate change is likely to modify significantly patterns of capital investments and constitutes both a risk and an opportunity for investors and financial institutions. A framework aligning the decisions of financial institutions with long-term climate goals is taking shape, and carbon-intensive investments will likely face an increased risk of being stranded.
Within this framework, banks must be transparent and clear about how their products and services create value for their customers, clients, investors, as well as the environment. The Principles for Responsible Banking help any bank to align its business strategy with society’s goals through ESG investments. The Principles provide the framework for a sustainable banking system and help the industry to demonstrate how it makes a positive contribution to society. They are accelerating the banking industry’s contribution to achieving society’s goals as expressed in the Sustainable Development Goals and the Paris Climate Agreement. The Principles for Responsible Banking will be publicly launched by the thirty Founding Banks on September 23 in the framework of the New York Climate Week during the United Nations General Assembly.
Scientific organisers:
Isabella Alloisio | FSR Climate, EUI
Simone Siliani | Fondazione Finanza Etica
Pierre Schlosser | Florence School of Banking and Finance, EUI
This event was organised in collaboration with Fondazione Finanza Etica.
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Energy Innovation Bootcamp
The Energy Innovation Area of the Florence School of Regulation (FSR), in association with the Young Scholars Initiative (YSI), would like to invite young scholars to submit their work to the 2nd Energy Innovation Bootcamp. The event will be held in the Florence School of Regulation (Florence, Italy) on 26-28 November 2019.
Download the Call for Papers
We welcome candidates with interest in innovation aspects within energy industries. Instances of those interests include, but are not restricted to:
- Studies on co-evolution between institutional and technological development
- Financial aspects of policies oriented to promote energy transitions
- Studies on social impacts of energy transitions
- Structural change as a driver for energy policy
- Complexity approaches to understanding energy transitions
- Models of complex economic systems: ABM, networks, statistical learning
- Local, national or supranational case studies (special interest in developing countries)
- Technology policies as an alternative to energy policies in energy transitions
How to apply
Please send proposals to the FSR event coordinator: chiara.canestrini@eui.eu. Please specify Institution and Base Country.
Deadline: September 28st, 2019
Eligibility: young scholars (Graduate students, Ph.D. candidates, Postdocs) and early career researchers working/interested in the topics of the event.
Requirement: an abstract or a complete paper in English. There are no format or length requirements.
Submissions are free of charge. Financial support is available for selected students. Please indicate the need for funding in the application email.
About the event
Energy transitions imply disruptive innovation. The 2nd Energy Innovation Bootcamp aims to bring together young scholars to discuss industry adaptation to technological and institutional change. The perspective of industries as complex and evolving systems opens the discussion to topics on industrial dynamics, networks, interactions, and heterogeneity. In the context of energy transitions, we ask how the industry evolves and how it induces innovation. That is an opportunity to bring together a broad view on technological and institutional aspects, and cross-fertilize those streams in a co-evolutionary perspective.
The Bootcamp activities pay constant attention to operationalization. The young scholars will find an open environment to bring their contributions from theoretical developments and empirical analyses and to target results into operational proposals for researchers and public and private decision-makers. To that end, we aim at combining views from fields such as economics, engineering, political sciences, law, social sciences as well as business and management.
The Format
The event consists of three full days of intense activity.
- Each day, we start with presentations aimed at giving a broad view on a relevant topic. After that, knowledge stations aim at providing horizontal discussions on specific research questions or methodologies.
- During the afternoons, academy seminars take place. Participants have the opportunity to present and discuss their own research with experienced mentors and other participants of the academy.
Acceptance
The major requisites to be accepted are completeness, clarity, and relevance of the work. We take into consideration regional diversity and gender equality criteria.
The list of selected participants will be published on October 21st, 2019.
Contact
For more information, do not hesitate to contact the FSR Event Coordinator, Chiara Canestrini.


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Regulating the Renewable Power Sector
This workshop will bring together policy-makers and experts in the field to address recent developments in regulating the renewable power sector with a particular emphasis on the Norwegian versus EU approach to the issue.
The topics we will discuss will include the new renewable energy directive, the implementation of the recent EU governance regulation on climate and energy action, the services directive and the sustainable financing of renewables. The workshop will primarily focus on these measures from a legal and economic perspective.
The audience for the workshop will mostly be composed of representatives from EU institutions, regulatory and competition authorities, academics, members of industry, economic consultants and lawyers.
If you would also like to attend the workshop of the 10th, please see details here. The registration forms for both are linked.
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A common terminology for gases
This FSR online debate will provide participants with insights on the FSR’s proposal for a common terminology for gases.
Sector coupling is meant to accelerate the decarbonisation of the EU energy sector and gas sector will be playing a key role in the process. However, recent discussions, studies and existing pilot projects led us from a rather uniform world of one commodity (natural gas) to the uncharted territory of the heterogenous low-carbon and decarbonised gases. Biogas, biomethane, green, blue and grey hydrogen, synthetic methane could be produced through different processes and from different substrates, which rises the questions on their environmental and climate impact.
Panellists: Chelsea Baldino (ICCT), Eva Hennig (Eurogas), Augustijn Van Haasteren (DG ENER), Malcolm McDowell (DG ENER)
Moderator: Ilaria Conti (FSR)
That’s why one of the key debates at the latest Madrid Forum on 5-6th June 2019 was devoted to the identification of a common terminology for gases.
The recently adopted recast Renewable Energy Directive (RED II) takes up the matter, e.g. by extending the Guarantees of Origins to renewable gases and by introducing the provisions enabling the integration of gas from renewable sources in the existing gas network infrastructure. Yet, it does not introduce clear definitions or criteria (taxonomy) to classify the various types of gases that are currently being used in the system.
This is the first online debate organised as a part of the FSR sector coupling platform project realised in cooperation with the European Commission (DG Energy). For more information visit the FSR Sector Couling platform.
Preparatory materials:
ICCT presentation on Common terminology for gases from the research perspective
CEDEC presentation on Gas industry proposal to align gas terminology
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Carbon Pricing in Europe
This FSR Webinar will explore the economic framework for compensation for Carbon Pricing in Europe.
Speaker: Fabien Roques (FSR; Compass Lexecon; Université Paris Dauphine)
Under the 2030 Climate and Energy Framework, the European Union has committed to EU-wide targets for the period 2021-2030 in the context of a long-term strategy to achieve a climate-neutral economy by 2050. Among these targets is a 40% cut in greenhouse gas emissions. The EU emissions trading system (EU ETS) is the cornerstone of the EU’s policy to combat climate change. It is the world’s first major carbon market and remains it’s largest. To safeguard the competitiveness of industries covered by the EU ETS, the European Commission has developed a framework to provide compensation for the sectors and sub-sectors deemed to be exposed to a risk of carbon leakage.
In this webinar, Fabien Roques will review the status of carbon pricing at global level and weigh the effectiveness of the EU ETS and its impact on competition across various industries before examining the theoretical framework established to deal with the risk of carbon leakage for the direct and indirect carbon costs that they face as a result of the EU ETS.
This webinar is part of the Energy Union Law Webinar Series. Find more from this series
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Imperfect Markets and Imperfect Regulation
FSR Online Talks
The power industry is essential in the fight against climate change. In this online talk, we will look at the microeconomics underlying power markets and the tensions between microeconomics and political economy, together with Thomas-Olivier Léautier (Toulouse School of Economics).
Thomas-Olivier is the author of Imperfect Markets and Imperfect Regulation, the first textbook to present a comprehensive and detailed economic analysis of electricity markets, analyzing the tensions between microeconomics and political economy.
The 45′ event moderated by Tim Schittekatte (Florence School of Regulation – Energy & Climate) will touch upon the key challenges in:
- wholesale market structure;
- retail market organisation;
- transmission pricing (zonal vs nodal);
- policy issues: the impact of renewables and generation adequacy
Join the discussion online!
Imperfect Markets and Imperfect Regulation.
An Introduction to the Microeconomics and Political Economy of Power Markets
To learn more about it, watch the book trailer
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Speakers
2nd Florence Maritime Forum: Port call optimisation, for a smart and sustainable maritime eco-system
Port-call optimisation. The first step towards a smart and sustainable digital eco-system for maritime transport?
BACKGROUND
The 2nd Florence Maritime Forum, jointly hosted by the Florence School of Regulation’s Transport Area and the European Commission’s DG MOVE, will take the form of a roundtable discussion on 10 October 2019, organised back to back with the Digital Transport Days, taking place in Helsinki.
The maritime transport industry faces strong competitive pressure from other modes of transport, but can and should – ‘tap’ on the potential of digitalisation. In order to remain an attractive and competitive transport mode in an increasingly digital economy, the maritime eco-system has to accelerate efforts in integrating a new digital approach, with a view to facilitating the efficiency, reliability and predictability of operations. Addressing this challenge requires as a basis data exchanges and sharing between all parties making up the maritime eco-system, including hinterland and maritime operators.
Digitalisation is not a goal per se but rather a means to improve operations (including safety of operations), to increase capacity of the maritime industry and to improve links to the hinterland. With 75% of the EU trade being transported on the seas, attractive and competitive maritime services are critical. But it equally concerns the well-functioning of our ports as major gateways connecting the EU market to its international partners. Maritime transport is in essence only one element of a much diverse multimodal transport chain. Its single performance is critical but it cannot suffice if its integration in the overall transport network is not well achieved.
The round-table discussions will hence assess the opportunities and challenges that digitalisation brings to the maritime sector, with focus on, possibly, the most crucial aspect in the logistic chain: the port call.
Optimising port calls means better information to operators on when berth would be available, in order to allow them to adjust their routing, their speed to ensure the most efficient operations and just-in-time arrival. This, in turn, will also have positive effects on the vessels’ fuel consumption, and the related emissions. On the other side, optimising port calls should also allow sufficient information flowing to the port authorities and operators, so that they can best adjust to the expected levels of traffic and cargo.
The issue: port-call optimisation
The concept of port-call optimisation is based on the idea that the efficiency of logistics could significantly increase if the time-schedule of the various activities required for port calls and cargo handling and distribution were set in advance, predictable and fully relied upon, available to all parties involved, and dynamically adjusted in case of unforeseen circumstances.
Whereas elements of this concept are already present here and there, there are no examples of fully-fledged implementation. This might be surprising, considering that the main actors of the logistic chain – shippers, maritime operators and port service providers – share an interest in reducing idle times, maximising turn-around and increasing reliability of schedules. In addition, greater logistic efficiency and voyage optimisation would translate in a reduced carbon footprint: a common challenge to all parties involved.
Therefore, the question is why the full potential of port-call optimisation remains unexploited, considering that the technological means for tracking and tracing vessels and cargo are already available.
Most of the ports in the EU and worldwide operate on a “first come, first served” principle, meaning that ships incur significant additional expense in fuel costs, because the ships might have sailed faster than necessary, or lost cargo carrying time due to the delays in unloading. Some of the world’s major ports have therefore adopted more sophisticated variants of slot management requiring advanced data exchange. In the inland waterways sector, too, there are examples of cooperation of several ports in certain geographical regions, in order to coordinate ports call planning hence improved planning of port operations, including customs activities*.
Using smart information sharing in a maritime eco-system may achieve efficiency gains for vessels, ports, terminals and other actors in the logistic chains; improve turnaround time for vessels, and for authorities needing to ensure safety, security or environmental standards both reducing costs without reducing targets. Data could also be used to improve efficiency in the rest of the transport and logistic chain through better planning of operations, avoiding congestions, etc. However, a smart maritime eco-system can only be achieved through the coordinated efforts of all involved players in deploying innovative technologies, disruptive business models and strategic partnerships.
Participants in this round-table discussion are invited to address some of the basic issues in relation to port-call optimisation and provide their views on the following questions:
(1) Is the concept of port-call optimisation appealing from the point of view of your business? Which aspects are more attractive and which are less desirable and possibly worrying? How can automation or autonomous vessels play a role?
(2) Are there any obstacles to the implementation of the concept? Are these obstacles of a practical, commercial, technological, legal, administrative or other nature?
(3) Are there any actions that could be put in place to facilitate the implementation of the concept, in turn creating trust in any such an eco-system approach? In particular, is standardisation prerequisite problem or a solution? How would a uniform method of measurement to verify and compare reductions of environmental impact work?
*For instance, the The RheinPorts Information System (RPIS) has been developed in the context of the EU (CEF) funded project “Upper Rhine Traffic Management System” conducted by RheinPorts Basel-Mulhouse-Weil together with Port Autonome de Strasbourg, Rheinhäfen Karlsruhe and the other Upper Rhine Ports.
Participation in the event is upon invitation only.
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FSR Climate Annual Conference 2019
#FSRClimate19
FSR Climate is pleased to announce its 5th Annual Conference on the Economic Assessment of European Climate Policies to take place at the European University institute in Florence on 28-29 November 2019.
The conference will cover the main climate-related existing policies, at EU, national and subnational levels and will include plenary sessions on Energy efficiency, Renewable policies, Environmental taxation, and Emissions trading.
Chaired by: Simone Borghesi, Director FSR Climate
Keynote speaker: Jeroen van den Bergh (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and VU University Amsterdam): “A transition to global carbon pricing”
Plenary Speakers:
- Energy efficiency –Matthieu Glachant (MINES Paristech): Selling energy and saving energy: The industrial organisation of energy savings obligations
- Renewable policies – Natalia Fabra (Universidad Carlos III, Madrid): Competition among renewables
- Environmental taxation – Stephen Smith (University College London): The more the merrier? Potential and pitfalls of instrument combinations in climate policy
- Emissions trading – Luca Taschini (Grantham Research Institute LSE and University of Verona): Emissions trading systems, cap adjustments and the Market Stability Reserve
List of videos from the plenary presentations
Emissions trading
Luca Taschini | London School of Economics
Environmental Taxation
Stephen Smith | University College London
A Transition to Global Carbon Pricing
Jeroen Van den Bergh | Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and VU University Amsterdam
Renewables
Natalia Fabra | Universidad Carlos III, Madrid
Presentations and papers – FSR Climate annual conference
Plenary presentation: Environmental Taxation
The More the Merrier? Potential and Pitfalls of Instrument Combinations in Climate Policy [Slides] [Video]
Stephen Smith | University College London
Session 1: Environmental Taxation
Yellow Vests, Endogenous Beliefs, and Carbon Tax Aversion [Paper]
Thomas Douenne | Paris School of Economics, University Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne;
Adrien Fabre
Session 2: Renewables
Procurement Auctions for an Electricity System with Increased Wind Technology [Slides]
Aimilia Pattakou | ETH Zurich
Do Sustainable Energy Policies Matter for Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions? [Paper]
Donatella Baiardi | University of Parma
Keynote lecture
A Transition to Global Carbon Pricing [Slides]
Jeroen van den Bergh | Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and VU University Amsterdam
Plenary presentation: Emissions trading
Emissions Trading Systems, Cap Adjustments and the Market Stability Reserve [Slides] [Video]
Luca Taschini | London School of Economics
Session 3: Issues in Climate Policy (1)
Living in an Uncertain World: Environment Substitution, Local and Global Indeterminacy [Slides]
Mauro Sodini | University of Pisa; Angelo Antoci and Simone Borghesi
Modelling Maladaptation In the Inequality-Environment Nexus [Slides]
Elisa Ticci | University of Siena; Angelo Antoci and Paolo Russu
Five Shades of Green: Heterogeneous Environmental Attitudes in an Evolutionary Game Model [Slides]
Giulio Galdi | University of Siena; Angelo Antoci and Simone Borghesi
Session 4: Emissions Trading (1)
Allowance Prices in the EU ETS – Fundamental Price Drivers and the Recent Upward Trend [Slides]
Marina Friedrich | Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research; Michael Pahle
Impact of Political Announcements on the EU ETS [Slides]
Juan Fernando López Hernández| European Lime industry Association- EuLA and Industrial Minerals Association-IMA -Europe A.I.S.B.L.
Plenary presentation: Energy Efficiency
Selling Energy And Saving Energy: The Industrial Organisation Of Energy Savings Obligations [Slides] [Video]
Matthieu Glachant | Mines ParisTech
Session 5: Energy Efficiency
Electricity Intensity in the Developed Countries: Global Divergence, Club Convergence and the Role of the Structure of the Economy [Paper]
Lior Gallo | Bank of Israel
The Effects of Energy Literacy and Household Income on Consumer Choice of EnergyEfficient Appliances – Insights from o Multi-Country Discrete Choice Experiment and Welfare Analysis [Slides]
Joachim Schleich | Grenoble School of Management; Marie-Charlotte Guetlein, Corinne
Faure and Gengyang Tu
Is there Climate Policy Integration in EU Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Policies? Yes, No, Maybe [Slides]
Daniela Kletzan-Slamanig | Austrian Institute of Economic Research; Claudia Kettner-Marx
Session 6: Issues in Climate Policy (2)
Transboundary Water Governance and Institutional Effectiveness In the Lower Mekong Delta: An Analysis of the Mekong River Commission [Slides]
Julie Pellizzari | Foundation Euro – Mediterranean Center of Climate Change
Energy and Productivity in the UK: Demand and Supply Perspective [Slides]
Shimaa Elkomi | University of Surrey; Simon Mair, Tim Jackson
29 November
Plenary presentation: Renewables
Competition among Renewables [Slides] [Video]
Natalia Fabra | Universidad Carlos III, Madrid
Session 7: Emissions trading (2)
Hedging and the Temporal Permit Issuance in Cap- and –Trade Programs: the Market Stability Reserve Under Risk Aversion [Slides] [Paper]
Oliver Tietjen | Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research; Kai Lessmann and Michael Pahle
Session 8: Environmental taxation (2)
Energy Prices and Firm’s Economic Performances in Emerging Countries [Slides]
Francesco Nicolli |University of Ferrara
Gasoline Price Uncertainty and New Vehicle Fuel Economy [Slides]
Stefano F. Verde | European University Institute, FSR Climate; Valeria Di Cosmo
Session 9: Emissions trading (2)
Energy Taxes and Manufacturing Firm Performance: Evidence from Finland’s Green Tax Reform [Slides]
Marita Laukkanen | VATT Institute for Economic Research; Kimmo Ollika and Saara Tamminen
Is a Double Dividend Possible For The Irish Carbon Tax? [Slides]
Aykut Mert Yakut | Economic and Social Research Institute; Kelly de Bruin
Session 10: Issues in Climate Policy (3)
A Semiparametric Analysis of Green Inventions and Environmental Policies [Slides]
Massimiliano Mazzanti | University of Ferrara; Antonio Musolesi
Effects of Environmental Innovations on CO2 Emissions in Europe: An Empirical Analysis of Panel Data From an ARDL Model [Slides]
Michelle Mongo | Saint-Étienne School of Mines
Climate-Change Adaptation: The Role of Fiscal Policy [Slides] [Paper]
Emilia Pezzolla | Prometeia Associazione; Michele Catalano and Lorenzo Forni
Speakers bios
Natalia Fabra is Professor of Economics at Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. She is Research Fellow at the Centre for Economic Policy Research, and Associate Member of the Toulouse School of Economics. She obtained her PhD in 2001 at the EUI (Florence). She works in the field of Industrial Organization, with emphasis on Energy and Environmental Economics and Regulation and Competition Policy. Her research papers are published in leading journals such as the American Economic Review, the Rand Journal of Economics, The Economic Journal, Energy Economics, The Journal of Industrial Economics, and the International Journal of Industrial Organization, among others. Natalia is Associate Editor at the Economic Journal and the Journal of Industrial Economics. She has received two distinguished awards as Spanish Best Young Economist (one awarded by the Banco Sabadell Foundation, and the other by the Madrid regional government). In 2017 she was awarded with an ERC Consolidator grant “Current Tools and Policy Challenges in Electricity Markets” for the period 2018-2023.
Matthieu Glachant is head of CERNA – Centre for industrial economics and a professor of economics at MINES ParisTech – PSL. His research is in the fields of environmental economics and energy economics. Specific areas of expertise include the economics of green innovation, renewable energy, energy efficiency, waste policies, and adaptation to climate change. He also works with governments, businesses and NGOs on topics of shared interest. He is a Visiting Professor at the Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment at the London School of Economics since 2012 and an associate editor of the journal Resource and Energy Economics.

Stephen Smith is Professor of Economics at University College London. He began his career as a member of the UK Government Economic Service, before moving to a leading independent think-tank, the Institute for Fiscal Studies, in 1985. He was Head of the Department of Economics at UCL from 1997 to 2002. He has written extensively on the economics of tax policy, and environmental economics, and has acted as consultant to the UK government and international organisations, including the European Commission, the OECD and the IMF. He contributed papers on VAT and on Environmental Taxation to the Mirrlees Review of the UK Tax System, coordinated by IFS, which reported during 2011.
Luca Taschini is an Associate Professorial Research Fellow at the Grantham Research Institute at the London School of Economics. He is also an Assistant Professor at the Department of Economics at the University of Verona. His research is in the field of environmental economics, industrial organisation and finance, with a focus on the theory and practice of market based instruments. Luca is member of the CESifo Energy and Climate Economics Research Group in Munich, Germany. He was previously Senior Dahrendorf Fellow at the LSE and Visiting Scholar at the MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, U.S.A.
Past editions of the FSR Climate Annual Conference on the Economic Assessment of European Climate Policies
FSR Climate Annual Conference 2018
FSR Climate Annual Conference 2017
FSR Climate Annual Conference 2016
FSR Climate Annual Conference 2015
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Legal Issues of Energy Regulation
For the 11th edition of this collaboration, we will dive into the key topics of Legal Issues of Energy Regulation.
The FSR-BNetzA Forum is a long-standing collaboration between the Energy Union Law Area of the FSR and Bundesnetzagentur, the German regulatory authority, which aims to critically assess the central issues facing national regulatory authorities in the field of energy from both a legal and economic perspective.
We will look beyond the Clean Energy Package to the next priorities in energy regulation and consider how the incoming Commission may shape the energy landscape. We will examine the role of digitalisation in empowering the consumer, the system integration of renewables, and regulatory design. Further details of the programme will be released shortly.
The forum on “Legal Issues of Energy Regulation” will bring together an audience of academics, institutional and NRA representatives, policy-makers and market players. The forum is open to participation and free of charge. There are, however, limited places available and priority will be given to invited guests.
For further details on the content, please contact the scientific organiser: Anne-Marie Kehoe.
For logistical and other practical information on the programme and registration, please contact RSCAS.Conferences@EUI.eu.
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