European Energy Policy is changing and multifold. It would be better to say that EU had six very different policies for energy since 1980. I will look deeper at only four of them: the single energy market, and three successive programs of European energy transition.
Each of these four policies is or has been a genuine challenge, as European Commission does not have a strong executive power, and a detailed enough field-administration machinery to implement such policies.
All European successes, with no equivalent in today’s world, are coming from deep and patient compromises between the weak EU layer of decision-making and the decisive national implementation resources.
About 1,100 TWh of natural gas can be stored in 115 storage facilities in 19 countries in the EU27 area, accounting for 25-30% of European consumption in winter periods. Securing [...]
The outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine war has revived discussions on the EU’s dependence on fossil fuel imports from Russia. To ensure gas diversification, the EU Commission has suggested over a [...]
The recent surge in energy prices has prompted many governments to introduce emergency measures to reduce the impact on consumers’ electricity and gas bills. In its REPowerEU Communication of 8 [...]
Different measures for carbon leakage prevention across Emissions Trading Systems (ETSs) may distort economic competition between firms. The same is true of competition between jurisdictions if decisions on the location [...]
The global litigation of standard essential patents (SEP) is taking a new turn with the jurisdictional battle between national courts. Some courts have started issuing anti-suit injunctions (ASI) to prohibit [...]
This paper investigates the possible dynamics that may emerge in an economy in which agents adapt to environmental degradation by increasing the produced output to repair the damages of environmental [...]
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