The largest share of methane emissions footprint from EU gas consumption is estimated to come from upstream emissions in countries supplying gas to the EU. A methane performance standard on natural gas can be defined for the upstream segments of the gas supply chain using an existing methane emissions reporting framework (OGMP 2.0) and targets and definitions already developed by industry. A methane performance standard could take the form of a mandatory requirement that all natural gas sold on the EU internal market meets a benchmark upstream emission intensity value equivalent to 0.2%. To cover both imported and domestically produced gas, the point of obligation for a methane performance standard would likely need to be all EU gas shippers. To incentivize shippers to conform with the performance standard, they would need to be penalised for the portion of their gas volumes for which the methane emission intensity exceeds the benchmark value.
As stated by the OECD, “water security in many regions will continue to deteriorate due to increasing water demand, water stress and water pollution.” Indeed water supply and sanitation (WSS) [...]
Multimodal digital mobility services (MDMS) are instrumental to fostering multimodality as they promote comparability, transparency, and the selling of products across operators and modes. MDMS stand to directly benefit passengers [...]
We need to wonder if a reform of the EU internal electricity market would suffice to deliver EU energy security, decarbonization, and electrification. Regrettably, this is not the case. Let [...]
La crise énergétique a révélé l’incapacité de l’or- ganisation du marché européen de l’électricité à répondre aux trois défis de la décarbonation, de la sécurité d’approvisionnement et des prix abordables. [...]
Réussir l’électrification des usages pour mener la transition écologique et renforcer la souveraineté énergétique et industrielle de la France. Selon les principaux scénarios, la trajectoire de décarbonation entraînera une augmentation [...]
La notion de « réforme des marchés européens de l’électricité » est tout à fait d’actualité au moment où nous rédigeons ce document de travail, au début de l’année 2023. [...]
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