The largest share of methane emissions footprint from EU gas consumption is estimated to come from upstream emissions in countries supplying gas to the EU. A methane performance standard on natural gas can be defined for the upstream segments of the gas supply chain using an existing methane emissions reporting framework (OGMP 2.0) and targets and definitions already developed by industry. A methane performance standard could take the form of a mandatory requirement that all natural gas sold on the EU internal market meets a benchmark upstream emission intensity value equivalent to 0.2%. To cover both imported and domestically produced gas, the point of obligation for a methane performance standard would likely need to be all EU gas shippers. To incentivize shippers to conform with the performance standard, they would need to be penalised for the portion of their gas volumes for which the methane emission intensity exceeds the benchmark value.
In this paper, we discuss the implementation of Capacity Remuneration Mechanisms (CRM) in the European Union (EU). We first illustrate that the costs of CRMs in the EU are significantly [...]
Additionality is a key requirement for the renewables based electricity to be used by electrolysers to produce renewable hydrogen. Additionality could be defined as the requirement that renewables-based electricity used [...]
China has always upheld multilateralism and has advocated the use of multilateral mechanisms to jointly address global climate change issues. This paper discusses what China does and why, and how [...]
Interoperability in the context of smart electricity metering is high on the European policy agenda but its essence has been challenging to capture. In this paper, we look at experiences [...]
Around 75% of European cargo transport operations in terms of ton-kilometers are performed by trucks, which, in turn, entail massive environmental and societal impacts. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, road [...]
Green LNG is a newly emerging trend in the natural gas industry which has been incentivised by the decarbonisation process. This new line of thinking encourages LNG suppliers to offset [...]
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