Several market failures, as well as other technical, economic and regulatory barriers to the market
penetration of clean energy technologies result in under-investment of private innovators in RD&D.
Therefore, public support is needed in order to induce innovations. Policy tools creating market
conditions that are attractive for the exploitation of clean technologies (market pull) must be combined
with other tools directly supporting the development of these technologies through the provision of
public funds (technology push). Thereby, financing policy instruments should be chosen so that their
characteristics match with those of the specific innovation process being targeted at the same time that
social welfare is maximized. We develop an analytical framework to define the form of public support
and to provide recommendations on the optimal choice of both technology push and market pull
instruments.
In this paper, we discuss the implementation of Capacity Remuneration Mechanisms (CRM) in the European Union (EU). We first illustrate that the costs of CRMs in the EU are significantly [...]
Additionality is a key requirement for the renewables based electricity to be used by electrolysers to produce renewable hydrogen. Additionality could be defined as the requirement that renewables-based electricity used [...]
China has always upheld multilateralism and has advocated the use of multilateral mechanisms to jointly address global climate change issues. This paper discusses what China does and why, and how [...]
Interoperability in the context of smart electricity metering is high on the European policy agenda but its essence has been challenging to capture. In this paper, we look at experiences [...]
Around 75% of European cargo transport operations in terms of ton-kilometers are performed by trucks, which, in turn, entail massive environmental and societal impacts. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, road [...]
Green LNG is a newly emerging trend in the natural gas industry which has been incentivised by the decarbonisation process. This new line of thinking encourages LNG suppliers to offset [...]
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