Flexibility involves the adjustment of energy consumption or generation schedules to benefit the grid, for instance, providing services such as balancing, congestion management, and voltage control. Flexibility can be offered at different grid levels by flexibility service providers (FSPs) through market mechanisms. This study, produced in the context of the Horizon 2020 OneNet project, evaluates various TSO-DSO coordinated flexibility market models. In this assessment, the study considers factors like economic efficiency, consumer-centricity, existence of entry barriers, and value-stacking potential. The analysis highlights the importance of interface flow pricing and FSPs' bidding behaviour. The creation of local market layers can reduce entry barriers but may lead to market fragmentation. The study also explores bid forwarding mechanisms and methods to ensure grid safety. Overall, the work offers valuable insights for designing efficient and coordinated flexibility markets in Europe.
This article provides an overview of the most relevant cases decided by the Court of Justice of the European Union concerning contract law. The present issue covers the period between [...]
Annual verified emissions and allowance transactions under the EU ETS are provided in the European Transaction Log (EUTL), which is the administrative backbone of the EU ETS. The EUTL, however, [...]
This book is a companion volume to the Handbook on Electricity Markets, which focused on the evolution and challenges of wholesale electricity markets, particularly with the integration of intermittent renewable [...]
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