In this report we focus on the fundamentals of energy and climate policy as reformulated in the EU Green Deal. The 2022 edition includes updates following the publication of the Fit for 55 Package and the EU Hydrogen and Decarbonised Gas Markets Package. The reader is guided through the landscape of EU climate and energy policy. Starting with the big picture of the foundations of energy and climate policy, we then move to discussing in more detail European climate policy, security of supply and energy networks. We continue with energy wholesale and retail markets, and finish with a closer look at energy innovation. Each chapter is divided into several sections, aiming to give the reader a broad overview of the areas of climate and energy policy that are impacted by the EU Green Deal. The references at the end of each section serve as suggestions for further reading on each topic.
The international carbon market landscape contin ued to evolve rapidly in 2024, reflecting the grow ing urgency of addressing climate change and addressing it through cost-effective policy instru ments. Compliance [...]
The EU Electricity Market Design reform requires transmission and distribution system operators to provide transparent information on the available grid capacity for new connections, commonly referred to as hosting capacity [...]
The European Union (EU) has made significant progress in reducing CO2 emissions in recent decades, partly due to the implementation of the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS). However, the [...]
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