Nowadays, the European electricity systems are evolving towards a generation mix that is more decentralised, less predictable and less dispatchable to operate. In this context, additional flexibility is expected to be provided by the demand side. Thus, how to engage consumers to participate in active demand response is becoming a pressing issue. This THINK report assesses how to realise this shift towards active consumers using a consumer-centred approach and does so from the perspective of contracts. On this basis, we recommend measures to be undertaken in the short-term, during the transition and in the long term, respectively, to achieve a full take-off of active demand response.
Large-scale CO2 transport infrastructure is crucial for achieving decarbonization goals, yet its deployment remains slow. This paper maps emerging CO2 transport governance models across two dimensions: State-led policies and Economic [...]
The aviation industry is leading the technological revolution in transport and is focusing on improved safety, efficiency and sustainability. Single European Sky ATM Research (SESAR) is the European Union’s flagship [...]
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