One fairly unique feature of France is that it hosts a large ?eet of nuclear reactors. It is owned by the incumbent, EdF, and provides this 85-percent state-owned enterprise with an economic advantage to compete on price. Moreover, because the energy mix in continental Europe is unbalanced, French nuclear power generation bene?ts from an extra scarcity rent which is likely to last for a long time. Since the opening of the retail market to competition in July 2007, the allocation of this rent and the survival of EdF.
Electrification has moved from a sectoral aspiration to the backbone of the European Union’s decarbonisation strategy, because it alone enables a sustainable break with imported fossil fuels. Yet as this [...]
The energy consumers are entering a new era of digitalisation in the energy market, and as a result, gaining access to innovative offers and services that were before non-existent to [...]
The literature on a ‘just transition’ has grown exponentially over the last decade. The success of the just transition scholarship is due to the earlier endorsement and dissemination of a [...]
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