Regulation of utilities in the XXI Century is challenged by the fast pace of change notably the
acceleration of innovation, the restructuring of industry as sets of modular chains and the spreading of
new information and communication technology. Living in this world of rapid and renewed changes
regulators are also challenged by the basic characteristics of their institutional embeddedness. In the
real world, far from being the alpha and the omega of regulation, regulators only act in a multilevel
and multichannel frame of regulatory institutions. However regulators can bring a core piece of
"reflexive governance" to favour the new industry and institutions' changes. It is by building
"knowledge platforms" on an "open forum" model.
We examine the optimal behavior of carbon-emitting companies operating under the European Union Emission Trading System (EU ETS), under which firms are obliged to purchase emission permits on the secondary [...]
The Brief explores pathways to promote a sustainable agricultural trade regime for the EU. We identify three challenges and propose three potential paths forward. We discuss potential implications of the [...]
The rewable energy resources within EU27 are highly dominated by wind and solar energy delivering electricity as output. As electrification is the most efficient way to deliver the energy services [...]
Manufacturing firms in the EU face the double challenge of decarbonisation and (international) competitive pressure. Based on the key findings of the 2024 EIB investment survey and considering the economic [...]
Regulation 1370/2007, as amended by the Fourth Railway Package, set the date of 25 December 2023 for the opening to competition of services subject to public service obligations. As opposed [...]
This policy brief contends that a new approach to Long Term Contracts (LTCs) in European competition policy based on new facts, new realities and a revised reasoning must be urgently [...]
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