Research

The School carries out applied research with the purpose of developing economically, legally, and socially-sound regulation and policy, using a multidisciplinary approach.

Managing market tightness in the EU ETS on the path to net-zero : design options and trade-offs in price-based supply adjustments

The EU ETS is approaching a structural transition. As the linear reduction factor tightens the cap toward 2030 and beyond, the system will progressively...

Authors
Marie Raude Simone Borghesi
Policy Brief
Financing High-Speed rail
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Article
Industrial decarbonization in a fragmented world : carbon pricing with border adjustments using standardized values
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Executive Education

We offer different types of training: Online, Residential, Blended and Tailor-made courses in all levels of knowledge.

06 October 2026
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Policy Events

A wide range of events for open discussion and knowledge exchange. In Florence, Brussels, worldwide and online.

30 June 2026 14:00
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More

Discover more initiatives, broader research, and featured reports.

Lights on Women

The Lights on Women initiative promotes, trains and advocates for women in energy, climate and sustainability, boosting their visibility, representation and careers.

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Opportunities
Opportunities
FSR.secretariat@eui.eu

Energy

Energy & Climate carries out applied research, training courses and policy dialogue impacting policy-makers, stakeholders and consumers.

Blog posts

Video
Jun 23, 2026
EU ETS 2026 revision: what’s next?
This online debate examines the upcoming review of the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS) and its role in steering Europe towards climate neutrality. T...
EU ETS 2026 revision: what’s next?
EU ETS
Jun 23, 2026
Topic of the Month
From quantity to price: rethinking supply adjustment in the European carbon market
The 2026 review of the EU ETS, expected by July, has attracted considerable attention. As examined in a first contribution to this series, the...
From quantity to price: rethinking supply adjustment in the European carbon market
Video
Jun 23, 2026
Testimonials | Specialised training on the regulation of gas markets
Hear directly from our participants as they share their real experiences and takeaways from our specialised training on the regulation of gas markets....
Testimonials | Specialised training on the regulation of gas markets
Energy
Jun 16, 2026
Event Highlights
Just Energy Transition: Women, Leadership, Change
Four editions in, the LUCE Awards continue to demonstrate that celebrating excellence and challenging the status quo can go hand in hand.  Each editi...
Just Energy Transition: Women, Leadership, Change
EU ETS
Jun 9, 2026
Topic of the Month
EU ETS reform under political pressure: why scientific assessment matters
As the European Union aligns its policies with its newly agreed 2040 climate target, the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) faces a critical mom...
EU ETS reform under political pressure: why scientific assessment matters
Video
Jun 2, 2026
Annual Training on the Regulation of Energy Utilities | Fabiana de Cillo Carvalho
Hear from Fabiana de Cillo Carvalho about their experience in the Annual Training on the Regulation of Energy Utilities. This nine-month professional ...
Annual Training on the Regulation of Energy Utilities | Fabiana de Cillo Carvalho
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Events

Conference
Oct 07, 2026
FSR – MIT CEEPR Annual Conference on energy and climate policy
The European University Institute (EUI)’s Florence School of Regulation (FSR) and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)’s Center for Ene...
FSR – MIT CEEPR Annual Conference on energy and climate policy
Online Debate
Jun 23, 2026
EU ETS 2026 revision: what’s next?
Watch the recording: The EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) is entering a decisive phase, as the European Commission is preparing the 2026 review...
EU ETS 2026 revision: what’s next?
Executive Training Seminar
Sep 01, 2026
From the Space Economy to Space Economics
Space technologies are being woven into every sector of the economy at an unprecedented pace, creating impacts that ripple across infrastructure, gove...
From the Space Economy to Space Economics
Online Debate
Jun 30, 2026
An Overview of Recent Energy Case Law from the CJEU, June 2026
The FSR Law Area will provide a comprehensive review of the most significant energy cases before the Court of Justice of the European Union...
An Overview of Recent Energy Case Law from the CJEU, June 2026
Lights on Women
Jun 09, 2026
LUCE Awards 2026 – Women for the green transition
Building on the strong foundation laid in previous years, the 4th edition of the LUCE Awards represents a renewed step forward in accelerating the...
LUCE Awards 2026 – Women for the green transition
Workshop
Jun 10, 2026
Empowering energy consumers and promoting system flexibility in the age of artificial intelligence
  The Internal Energy Market (IEM) ultimately aims at providing greater choice and better prices to energy consumers, through a sustainable energ...
Empowering energy consumers and promoting system flexibility in the age of artificial intelligence
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Publications

Publication
Date: Jun 22, 2026
Technical Report
Managing market tightness in the EU ETS on the path to net-zero : design options and trade-offs in price-based supply adjustments
The EU ETS is approaching a structural transition. As the linear reduction factor tightens the cap toward...
Marie Raude Simone Borghesi
Publication
Date: Jun 9, 2026
Article
Industrial decarbonization in a fragmented world : carbon pricing with border adjustments using standardized values
The European Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) has the dual objective of preventing carbon leakage...
Simone Borghesi Pedro Linares KN MS FB CB AC TD BF RI AJ SM SP AP PQ KER AS HVA LZ
Publication
Date: May 4, 2026
Policy Paper
International carbon credits in the EU : ensuring flexibility without undermining credibility
The EU is currently reviewing its post-2030 climate policy framework, including the potential use of...
Marie Raude Lea Heinrich Jacopo Cammeo Alessia Casamassima Simone Borghesi
Publication
Date: Apr 28, 2026
Technical Report
A study on consumer protection during gas phase-out
The EU aims to reach climate neutrality by 2050, which means phasing out almost all fossil fuels and shifting...
Lucila de Almeida Sergio Ascari James Kneebone Alessandra Porcari Alberto Pototschnig Marzia Sesini
Publication
Date: Apr 22, 2026
Working Paper
Compensation mechanisms to mitigate the market risk in offshore bidding zones
The latest European electricity market design reform introduced a compensation mechanism for wind producers...
Nathan Giovannini Leonardo Meeus
Publication
Date: Mar 31, 2026
Policy Paper
Proposal for reviewing the Regulation on trans-European Networks for Energy (TEN-E) : assessment and recommendations
Energy networks play an essential role in enabling competition, thus improving energy affordability, and in...
Ronnie Belmans Alberto Pototschnig ECSM
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People

Electricity
Leonardo Meeus
Director of the Florence School of Regulation
Leonardo Meeus Photo
Energy
Nadia Horstmann
Part-time Professor
Nadia Horstmann Photo
Energy
Clara Poletti
Part-time Professor
Clara Poletti Photo
Energy
Alberto Pototschnig
Executive Deputy Director, World of Practice
Alberto Pototschnig Photo
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