Investments in Next Generation Access Networks (NGANs) ask for a new set of regulatory remedies. This paper contributes to this debate by focusing on three issues: the migration from the legacy copper network to the NGA infrastructure, and how wholesale pricing regulation might affect this process; the introduction of differentiated wholesale remedies according to geographical differences in NGAN deployment; the impact of co-investment decisions on market outcomes and their interplay with access regulation. Using the recent economic literature, arguments and possible guidelines are proposed, which might be useful to regulators and policy makers.
The digitalisation of the energy sector is giving rise to energy data spaces that aim to support secure, interoperable, and sovereign data sharing among stakeholders. While the focus has mainly [...]
This report reviews evidence collected during the third year of the LIFE COASE project co-funded by the European Commission. It summarises two events held over the summer of 2025. The [...]
The European Union (EU) is approaching a crucial moment in its climate and industrial strategy. As work begins on the 2026 review of the EU Emis sions Trading System (ETS), [...]
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