Research

The School carries out applied research with the purpose of developing economically, legally, and socially-sound regulation and policy, using a multidisciplinary approach.

Compensation mechanisms to mitigate the market risk in offshore bidding zones

The latest European electricity market design reform introduced a compensation mechanism for wind producers located in offshore bidding zones. In this paper, we evaluate...

Authors
Nathan Giovannini Leonardo Meeus
Policy Paper
Proposal for reviewing the Regulation on trans-European Networks for Energy (TEN-E) : assessment and recommendations
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Article
Loss and damage of climate change : recognition, obligation and legal consequences
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Executive Education

We offer different types of training: Online, Residential, Blended and Tailor-made courses in all levels of knowledge.

06 October 2026
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Policy Events

A wide range of events for open discussion and knowledge exchange. In Florence, Brussels, worldwide and online.

29 April 2026 10:00
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More

Discover more initiatives, broader research, and featured reports.

Lights on Women

The Lights on Women initiative promotes, trains and advocates for women in energy, climate and sustainability, boosting their visibility, representation and careers.

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Opportunities
Opportunities
FSR.secretariat@eui.eu

Electricity

Blog posts

Video
Apr 21, 2026
Handbook on Electricity Regulation | Jean-Michel Glachant
Energy transition, renewables, decentralisation, electric vehicles, electricity storage… What does electricity regulation need to deliver in a s...
Handbook on Electricity Regulation | Jean-Michel Glachant
Flexibility in power markets
Apr 20, 2026
Topic of the Month
How well are consumers protected in demand response services?
The Citizen Energy Package emphasises the need to actively promote demand-side flexibility across the EU.[1] By enabling citizens to confidently benef...
How well are consumers protected in demand response services?
Flexibility in power markets
Apr 14, 2026
Topic of the Month
Flexibility and grids: understanding available grid capacity, connection queues and what can be done
The development of electricity grids and the flexibility needs of an electricity system are deeply interlinked. When grids expand too slowly and becom...
Flexibility and grids: understanding available grid capacity, connection queues and what can be done
Flexibility in power markets
Mar 26, 2026
Topic of the Month
Flexibility in power systems: what’s there beyond the buzzword?
The increasing penetration of intermittent renewable energy sources, together with the electrification of end uses like heating and transport, is resh...
Flexibility in power systems: what’s there beyond the buzzword?
Citizens’ Energy Package
Mar 23, 2026
Topic of the Month
From energy consumers to energy citizens
The Citizens’ Energy Package names a shift that EU energy policy has been slow to make official: people are citizens in energy systems, not...
From energy consumers to energy citizens
Citizens’ Energy Package
Mar 17, 2026
Topic of the Month
Nine actions for a citizen centric energy transition
On 10 March 2026, the European Commission issued the Citizens Energy Package, a major initiative designed to ensure that every European citizen—not ...
Nine actions for a citizen centric energy transition
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Events

Workshop
Oct 03, 2025
Energy Network for the Green Transition
This Workshop will look at the opportunities for streamlining and simplifying the EU network regulatory framework, at the most effective approach to e...
Energy Network for the Green Transition
Online Debate
Jun 05, 2025
The regulatory regime of electricity interconnectors with third countries
This FSR Debate aims at assessing the regulatory regime currently applicable to interconnectors with third countries and in which way this framework c...
The regulatory regime of electricity interconnectors with third countries
Online Debate
May 07, 2025
The future of the EU electricity sector: between markets and public intervention
This debate aims at discussing the extent to which the latest reform of the electricity market design, introduced by legislation in 2024 and currently...
The future of the EU electricity sector: between markets and public intervention
Online Event
Jul 02, 2024
The European electricity market reform: is a new target model emerging?
 The European electricity market reform represents a significant turning point as it aims to adapt power markets for decarbonisation. Together with...
The European electricity market reform: is a new target model emerging?
Insights
Jun 26, 2024
CfDs to support renewables: the devil is in the details
FSR Insights series on “Developments in the European energy and climate policy” with FSR part-time professor Lena Kitzing   Contracts for Dif...
CfDs to support renewables: the devil is in the details
Insights
May 29, 2024
Experimentalist governance in energy: insights from the EU
On 29 May 2024, the FSR Insights series will start looking at ‘Developments in European energy and climate policy’, the new theme that wil...
Experimentalist governance in energy: insights from the EU
All Events results

Publications

Publication
Date: Apr 22, 2026
Working Paper
Compensation mechanisms to mitigate the market risk in offshore bidding zones
The latest European electricity market design reform introduced a compensation mechanism for wind producers...
Nathan Giovannini Leonardo Meeus
Publication
Date: Mar 31, 2026
Policy Paper
Proposal for reviewing the Regulation on trans-European Networks for Energy (TEN-E) : assessment and recommendations
Energy networks play an essential role in enabling competition, thus improving energy affordability, and in...
Ronnie Belmans Alberto Pototschnig ECSM
Publication
Date: Mar 13, 2026
Working Paper
Cross-border solidarity versus national capacity markets : risk of inadequate capacity procurement
In Europe, capacity markets are currently designed and operated at the national level, which can give rise to...
Emma Menegatti Leonardo Meeus
Publication
Date: Feb 18, 2026
Article
Independent aggregation in the nordic day-ahead market : what is the welfare impact of socializing supplier compensation payments?
This paper addresses the participation of independent aggregators (IAs) for demand response (DR) in European...
Tim Schittekatte KB ZB
Publication
Date: Dec 18, 2025
Working Paper
Cost allocation in energy data spaces
The digitalisation of the energy sector is giving rise to energy data spaces that aim to support secure,...
Nicolò Rossetto TJ ML LS AS
Publication
Date: Nov 5, 2025
Working Paper
Three steps to a regional capacity market in the EU
The electricity market design reform repositioned capacity markets: they are no longer regarded as...
Emma Menegatti Leonardo Meeus
All Publications results

People

Electricity
Leonardo Meeus
Director of the Florence School of Regulation
Leonardo Meeus Photo
Electricity
Emma Menegatti
Research Associate
Emma Menegatti Photo
Electricity
Ellen Beckstedde
Research Associate
Ellen Beckstedde Photo
Electricity
Alessandra Porcari
Research Associate
Alessandra Porcari Photo
All People results

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