Since the early 1990s, the European Union has nurtured the ambition to lead the fight against climate change. More recently, it has committed to achieving climate neutrality by 2050 and has implemented a wide range of policies to put itself securely on track. This chapter critically discusses four key building blocks of the current European Union’s strategy for climate neutrality. Carbon pricing in the EU is described firstly, focusing on the EU ETS and the forthcoming CBAM. Then the roles of electrification and clean molecules in the future European energy system are critically discussed. Finally, sustainable finance priorities, capacities and regulatory instruments put forward by the EU are reviewed, before a brief conclusion.
The EU's non-financial reporting (NFR) regulations have significant impacts on Global South stakeholders, firms that must report, actors lower in the value chain, and organisations seeking investment from NFR-compliant firms [...]
Innovation is closely linked to air transport, from the development of aircraft technologies to the creation of computer reservation systems. T he latter led to the development of global distribution [...]
Since October 2022, Russia’s escalated attacks on Ukraine’s energy infrastructure have caused widespread damage, severely impacting energy security and economic stability. Despite these challenges, Ukraine has demonstrated remarkable resilience, restoring [...]
The European Union is strongly urbanised, with 432 urban nodes identified. This vast array of urban hubs has a significant economic and geographical value. Urban nodes are critical to the [...]
Reducing carbon emission in the wastewater treatment sector requires both lower energy consumption and a transition towards renewable energy sources. Utilizing the embedded energy in wastewater, which has been traditionally [...]
In this report, we focus on the fundamentals of energy and climate policy as reformulated in the EU Green Deal. The 2024 edition of this report includes updates following the [...]
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